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Apoptotic Effect of Co-Treatment with Valproic Acid and 17AAG on Human Osteosarcoma Cells

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¼Ò¼Ó »ó¼¼Á¤º¸
¹ÚÁØ¿µ ( Park Jun-Young ) - ºÎ»ê´ëÇб³ Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ ±¸°­ÇغÎÇб³½Ç
¹Ú¼¼Áø ( Park Se-Jin ) - ºÎ»ê´ëÇб³ Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ ±¸°­ÇغÎÇб³½Ç
±èÀηɠ( Kim In-Ryoung ) - ºÎ»ê´ëÇб³ Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ ±¸°­ÇغÎÇб³½Ç
¹ÚºÀ¼ö ( Park Bong-Soo ) - ºÎ»ê´ëÇб³ Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ ±¸°­ÇغÎÇб³½Ç
Á¤¼ºÈñ ( Jeong Sung-Hee ) - ºÎ»ê´ëÇб³ Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ ±¸°­ÇغÎÇб³½Ç
°í¸í¿¬ ( Ko Myung-Yun ) - ºÎ»ê´ëÇб³ Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ ±¸°­³»°úÇб³½Ç
¾È¿ë¿ì ( An Yong-U ) - ºÎ»ê´ëÇб³ Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ ±¸°­³»°úÇб³½Ç

Abstract

Valproic acid(VPA)´Â ¾ÆÁÖ Àß ¾Ë·ÁÁø Ç×°æ·ÃÁ¦·Î¼­, 30³â µ¿¾È °£ÁúÄ¡·áÁ¦·Î¼­ »ç¿ëµÇ¾îÁ® ¿Ô´Ù. VPA´Â 1997³â¿¡ ÃÖÃÊ·Î Ç×¾ÏÁ¦ÀÇ È¿´ÉÀÌ ¹àÇôÁ³À¸¸ç, VPAÀÇ Ç×¾ÏÈ¿°ú´Â È÷½ºÅæÅ»¾Æ¼¼Æ¿È­È¿¼Ò ¾ïÁ¦Á¦ÀÇ ±âÀü¿¡ ±âÀÎÇÑ´Ù°í ±Ô¸íµÇ¾ú´Ù. 17AAG(17-Allyamnio-17-demethoxygeldanamycin)´Â HSP90ÀÇ ¾ïÁ¦Á¦À̸ç, HSP90Àº ¼¼Æ÷Áõ½Ä°ú ¼¼Æ÷»ýÁ¸¿¡ °ü¿©Çϸç, ÃÖ±Ù 17AAG°¡ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÚ¸ê»ç¸¦ À¯µµÇÑ´Ù´Â ¿¬±¸µéÀÌ º¸°íµÇ¾îÁö°í ÀÖ´Ù. º» ¿¬±¸´Â È÷½ºÅæÅ»¾Æ¼¼Æ¿È­È¿¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦ÀÎ VPA¿Í HSP90 ¾ïÁ¦Á¦ÀÎ 17AAGÀÇ º´¿ë󸮰¡ »ç¶÷°ñÀ°Á¾¼¼Æ÷¿¡ »ó½Â ¼¼Æ÷ÀÚ¸ê»ç È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖ´ÂÁö¸¦ ¾Ë±â À§Çؼ­ ¼öÇàµÇ¾ú´Ù.
VPA°ú 17AAGÀÇ º´¿ë󸮰¡ ´Üµ¶Ã³¸®¿¡ ºñÇؼ­ È¿°úÀûÀÎ ¼¼Æ÷»ýÁ¸À² °¨¼Ò°¡ ÀÖ´ÂÁö È®ÀÎÇϱâ À§Çؼ­ trypan-blue¹ýÀ» ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿´°í, ¼¼Æ÷ÀÚ¸ê»çÀÇ À¯µµ¿Í Áõ°¡¸¦ È®ÀÎÇϱâ À§Çؼ­ Hoechst ¿°»ö¹ý, flow cytometry(DNA hypoploidy¿Í MMP ÃøÁ¤), Western bot ºÐ¼®¹ý ±×¸®°í ¸é¿ªÇü±¤¿°»ö¹ýÀ» ¼öÇàÇÏ¿´´Ù.
º´¿ëó¸® µÈ »ç¶÷°ñÀ°Á¾¼¼Æ÷´Â ´Üµ¶Ã³¸® µÈ »ç¶÷°ñÀ°Á¾¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­ °ÅÀÇ °üÂûÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø¾ú´ø ÇÙ ÀÀÃà°ú Á¶°¢³², »ç¸³Ã¼¸· ÀüÀ§¿Í DNA ¾çÀÇ °¨¼Ò, cytochrome cÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷Áú·ÎÀÇ À¯¸®, AIFÀÇ ÇÙÀ¸·ÎÀÇ À̵¿, caspase-3°ú caspase-7ÀÇ Æı« ¹× PARPÀÇ ºÐÀýÈ­¿Í °°Àº ¼¼Æ÷ÀÚ¸ê»ç Áõ°Å¸¦ º¸¿´´Ù.
48½Ã°£ µ¿¾È 1 mMÀÇ VPA¿Í 0.5 ¥ìM 17AAGÀ» °¢±â ´Üµ¶Ã³¸® ÇÑ °á°ú¿¡¼­´Â ¼¼Æ÷ÀÚ¸ê»ç¸¦ À¯µµ ¸øÇßÀ¸³ª, º´¿ëó¸®ÇÑ °á°ú¿¡´Â ¾ÆÁÖ Å¹¿ùÇÑ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÚ¸ê»çÀÇ À¯µµ¸¦ º¸¿´´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ º´¿ëó¸® °á°ú´Â »ç¶÷°ñÀ°Á¾ÀÇ »õ·Î¿î Ä¡·áÀû Àü·«À¸·Î ÀÀ¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù.

Valproic acid (VPA) is a well-known anticonvulsive agent and has been used in the treatment of epilepsy for almost 30 years. VPA emerged in 1997 as an antineoplastic agent. And it is known that antitmor activity of VPA is associated with its targeted at histone deacetylases. 17AAG, Inhibition of HSP90 leads to the proteasome degradation of the HSP90 client proteins, such as Akt, Raf/Ras, Erk, VEGF, cyclin D and p53, and causes potent antitumor activity. It is reported that 17AAG-induced HSP90 inhibition results in prevention of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in several types of cancer. This study was undertaken to investigate the synergistic apoptotic effect of co-treatment with the histone deacetylases inhibitor, VPA and the HSP90 inhibitor, 17AAG on human osteosarcoma (HOS) cells.
Cell viability was evaluated by trypan-blue exclusion. Induction and augmentation of apoptosis were confirmed by Hoechst staining, flow cytometry (DNA hypoploidy and MMP change), Westen blot analysis and immunofluorescent staining.
In this study, HOS cells co-treated with VPA and 17AAG showed several lines of apoptotic manifestation such as nuclear condensations, the reduction of MMP, the decrease of DNA content, the release of cytochrome c into cytosol, the translocation of AIF onto nuclei, and activation of caspase-3, caspase-7 and PARP whereas each single treated HOS cells did not. Although the single treatment of 1 mM VPA or 0.5 ¥ìM 17AAG for 48 h did not induce apoptosis, the co-treatment with them induced prominently apoptosis. Therefore our data in this study provide the possibility that combination therapy with VPA and 17AAG could be considered as a novel therapeutic strategy for human osteosarcoma.

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Apoptosis; Valproic acid; 17AAG; Human osteosarcoma

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